Top 17 zoos & aquariums in Europe

Poema del Mar, on the island of Gran Canaria, is operated by the Kiessling family, alongside Loro Parque and Siam Park in neighbouring Tenerife. It was designed to be one of the most energy-efficient and eco-friendly aquariums in Europe. The project first began in 2015 and the finished aquarium opened its doors in December 2017. An indoor attraction, it covers more than 12,000 square metres and is home to almost 10 million litres of fresh water and salt water.

The aquarium is home to 350 species of marine life, including 10 types of rays, and features three different zones: The Jungle, The Reef and The Deep Sea. It is home to the largest curved glass aquarium exhibit in the world, which gives visitors the feeling of being immersed in the underwater universe.

In terms of the attraction’s mission, its main goals are conservation, education, and
entertainment. In collaboration with the Loro Parque Foundation, it works with species that are native to the Canary Islands, some of which need special protection because of issues like overfishing. In 2021 it was the first aquarium in Europe, and one of only a few aquariums in the world, to successfully breed the weedy sea dragon,

The aquarium became a WAZA member in 2021. It is also accredited by the Iberian Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AIZA), having passed a rigorous application process.

Dublin Zoo dates back to 1831 and is one of Dublin’s most popular attractions, welcoming over one million visitors a year. It spans over 28 hectares in Dublin’s Phoenix Park and is home to over 400 animals from around the world.

In 2021, the zoo launched an ambitious 10-year strategic plan. The first strategic goal is saving wildlife in Ireland and globally. Speaking to blooloop about the zoo’s plans in 2022, director Dr Christoph Schwitzer said:

“Input into conservation will increase fivefold over the next 10 years. To me, zoo-based conservation has three strands. One is breeding for re-introduction. Another is field conservation, and the third one, which is probably the most important strand of zoo-based conservation, which is behaviour change and advocacy.

“We have 1.25 million visitors a year. I think we can use these 1.25 million people as a joint force for conservation. While we have them here, we really need to do our best not only to make them aware of the plight of the planet and of the many species inhabiting it, but to elicit action, and enable people to take action.”

As well as being a WAZA member, Dublin Zoo is also a member of the British and Irish Association of Zoos and Aquariums (BIAZA), meaning that it has demonstrated its commitment to undertaking significant work in the field of animal welfare, conservation, education and research.

Founded in July 1843, Antwerp Zoo is the oldest animal park in Belgium and one of the oldest in the world. Together with its sister park Planckendael, it cares for more than 7,000 animals of about 950 species. The two sites welcome over 1.6 million people each year.

Antwerp Zoo has played a role in preservation and breeding programmes for a number of endangered species, including the bonobo, the European otter and the golden-headed lion tamarin. The Antwerp Zoo Centre for Research and Conservation (CRC) is one of the most advanced zoo-based research centres in the world. Its goal is to help create sustainable zoo and wildlife populations and to contribute to nature conservation.

Antwerp Zoo is a member of both WAZA and the European Association of Zoos and Aquaria (EAZA), an organisation that sets the standard for progressive zoos and aquariums in the region. To be a member of EAZA, a zoo must meet strict requirements, ensuring the quality of European zoos.

Opened in 2002, The Deep in Hull is an education and conservation charity and an international player in marine conservation. It houses sharks, turtles and penguins, as well as the UK’s only green sawfish, and has welcomed more than 8.5 million visitors.

 

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The aquarium building was designed by Terry Farrell and built as part of the UK’s National Lottery’s Millennium Commission project. Its exhibits contain 2,500,000 litres of water and it tells the story of the world’s oceans through a combination of live exhibits, audiovisual presentations, and interactive displays.

From protecting endangered penguins in Antarctica to monitoring Manta Ray populations in the Red Sea, The Deep’s dedicated team carries out pioneering work. Education is also a key part of the aquarium’s mission, and its education programme hosts 30,000 primary and secondary school students each year.

The Deep is a member of BIAZA and WAZA.

Situated amid the iconic Schönbrunn Palace grounds, the Vienna Zoo, or Tiergarten Schönbrunn, is one of the world’s oldest zoos. Founded in 1752 by Emperor Francis I, it stands as the planet’s oldest continuously operating zoo, offering a unique blend of history and wildlife.

 

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Vienna Zoo hosts a diverse range of animals, covering mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians, in naturalistic habitats. It cares for 700 different species, some of which are critically endangered. The zoo actively participates in conservation efforts and breeding programs for endangered species and also offers educational programs for visitors, including guided tours, workshops, and lectures. The zoo hosts events and activities throughout the year, aiming to raise awareness about wildlife conservation.

It is a member of WAZA and is accredited by EAZA, as well as the Austrian Zoo Organisation and the Verband der Zoologischen Gärten (VdZ), the leading association of scientifically managed zoological gardens in German-speaking countries.

Burgers’ Zoo is an innovative zoo located in Arnhem, the Netherlands. Founded in 1913, it has undergone continuous development, emerging as one of the nation’s premier and contemporary wildlife establishments.

One of the distinctive features of Burgers’ Zoo is its design based on habitat zones. Instead of traditional enclosures, the zoo is divided into ecosystems that closely mimic the natural environments of the animals. Visitors can explore sections like the Bush, Desert, Ocean, Safari, and Mangrove, home to the largest indoor mangrove in the world.

The zoo prioritises education, providing educational programmes and displays to increase public understanding of the value of protecting natural environments and wildlife protection. Burgers’ Zoo has grown and added cutting-edge displays throughout time. The zoo prioritises the welfare of the animals while constantly working to offer guests a vibrant and educational experience.

The zoo actively participates in Species Survival Plans, which are cooperative breeding programs coordinated by zoos and aquariums. It also supports initiatives focused on preserving natural habitats around the world.

Burgers’ Zoo is a member of WAZA and EAZA, as well as the Dutch Zoo Federation, the European Union of Aquarium Curators, and the Dutch Association of Botanical Gardens.

The Oceanário de Lisboa, or Lisbon Oceanarium, is a renowned public aquarium located in the Parque das Nações district of Lisbon, Portugal. It is one of the largest indoor aquariums in Europe and a prominent cultural and educational institution. The Oceanário’s distinctive architectural design resembles an ocean sunfish. It is situated in the heart of Parque das Nações, an area that hosted the Expo 98 World Exposition.

The displays are separated into multiple sections, representing distinct marine ecosystems. The focal point is the main tank, which has a volume of roughly 5 million litres, where visitors can view sharks, rays, and schools of fish.

The four main ecosystems in the aquarium represent the Antarctic, the Indian Ocean, the Temperate Pacific, and the Atlantic Ocean. Each habitat is carefully recreated to provide a realistic environment. Visitors can discover penguins, sea otters, jellyfish, seahorses, and various species of fish.

Education and environmental awareness are priorities for Lisbon Oceanarium. It promotes knowledge and appreciation of marine ecosystems through educational programmes, workshops, and events for schools and tourists. Furthermore, the aquarium actively participates in marine conservation programmes.

Speaking to blooloop in 2021 about what makes a great aquarium, David Rosenberg of Monterey Bay Aquarium said: “I love the Lisbon Aquarium. It is one of the best marriages of art and science I have ever seen.”

Lisbon Oceanarium is affiliated with WAZA, EAZA and AIZA.

Prague Zoo is one of the most well-known and respected zoological gardens in Europe. Established in 1931 and having undergone significant developments and expansions over the years, it is known for its commitment to modern and ethical zoo practices. Its layout is designed to provide naturalistic habitats for its animal residents and its topography includes varied landscapes, including hills and valleys.

 

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One of the notable features of Prague Zoo is the Indonesian Jungle, a large pavilion that houses various species from Southeast Asia. It includes a treetop walkway for visitors to experience the habitat from an elevated perspective. Guests can also discover The Gorilla Pavilion, which provides a spacious and naturalistic setting for the zoo’s gorilla family.

The zoo takes part in worldwide endangered species breeding initiatives and participates in numerous conservation projects on a local and international level. This includes funding initiatives in the wild, protecting habitat, and spreading the word about the value of biodiversity. It has been given several awards for its commitment to animal welfare, conservation, and innovative zoo practices.

Prague Zoo is a member of WAZA and EAZA.

Situated in Saint-Aignan, France, the award-winning ZooParc de Beauval, or Beauval Zoo, is one of the most well-known and widely visited zoos in Europe. It covers an area of more than 40 hectares with 800 species across 22 themed areas.

It has a thoughtfully planned layout that gives its residents realistic ecosystems. A highlight is “La Terre des Lions” (The Land of Lions), which provides a spacious and naturalistic habitat for the zoo’s lion population. Numerous animal species, including aquatic species, birds, reptiles, and mammals, can be found in the zoo, including manatees, giant pandas, white lions, and a variety of primates.

Beauval Zoo actively participates in conservation efforts and breeding programs for endangered species and is particularly renowned for its giant panda conservation program.

Beauval Zoo is a member of both EAZA and WAZA.

The Barcelona Aquarium, officially known as L’Aquàrium de Barcelona, is one of the largest in Europe and is designed to provide an immersive experience for visitors, showcasing a variety of marine environments.

 

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The aquarium is divided into different themed zones, each representing a specific marine ecosystem. It is home to 11,000 specimens from over 450 different species of marine life, including colourful tropical fish, seahorses, jellyfish, and more. Given its location, the Barcelona Aquarium places a particular emphasis on species native to the Mediterranean Sea, allowing guests to learn about and observe marine life found in this specific region.

The Oceanarium, a big tank that replicates the open sea, is one of its main attractions. Sharks, rays, and other large fish are among the many marine animals that call the Oceanarium home, and visitors can view them through a transparent tunnel that provides a 360-degree view of the undersea environment.

Barcelona Aquarium is actively involved in conservation efforts and supports initiatives to protect marine life and their habitats. Education is another key component, focusing on marine conservation, biodiversity, and the importance of protecting the world’s oceans.

It is a member of WAZA and AIZA.

The Basel Zoo, officially known as Zoo Basel, was established by a group of Basel residents in 1874, making it one of the oldest zoos in Switzerland. Over the years, the city-centre zoo has undergone expansions and renovations and has evolved into a modern and conservation-focused facility covering 11 hectares.

The African Savannah, the South America House, the Monkey House, and the recently inaugurated Kaeng Krachan Elephant Park—a spacious and modern enclosure for Asian elephants—are a few of the key habitats at the Basel Zoo.

The zoo has a strong commitment to conservation and participates in various breeding programs for endangered species. It had the first-ever birth of an Indian rhinoceros and the first-ever greater flamingo hatch and has been successful in breeding a variety of animals, including okapi, pygmy hippos, and cheetahs.

In an effort to save endangered animals and their habitats, Basel Zoo actively takes part in international conservation projects and works with numerous organisations. The zoo additionally focuses on education and spreading knowledge about the need to conserve species.

Basel Zoo is a member of numerous associations and organisations, including WAZA and EAZA as well as the German Association of Zoological Gardens and ZooSchweiz.

Rotterdam Zoo, officially known as Diergaarde Blijdorp, is one of the oldest zoos in the Netherlands and is home to 562 species. It features various themed exhibits set over 26 hectares that recreate natural habitats for the animals, such as the Oceanium, Amazonica, the Elephant Enclosure, and the Gorilla Island. The Oceanium is a large indoor aquarium with a tunnel that allows visitors to walk through and observe marine life.

The zoo offers educational programs and events for visitors of all ages, aiming to raise awareness about wildlife conservation and the importance of protecting natural habitats. Like many modern zoos, Rotterdam Zoo is also involved in conservation efforts and breeding programs to help protect endangered species. It participates in international breeding programs for various animals, contributing to global efforts to preserve biodiversity.

Rotterdam Zoo is a member of WAZA and EAZA, as well as the Dutch Zoo Federation.

National Aquarium Denmark was originally located in Charlottenlund, but this facility closed in 2012 and most of the animal collection was relocated to the new aquarium Den Blå Planet (The Blue Planet) in Copenhagen, which opened to the public in March 2013. Den Blå Planet is the largest aquarium in Northern Europe. The aquarium is renowned for its eye-catching design. Surrounded by water, the structure is shaped like a whirlpool when viewed from above.

A vast array of marine life, including fish, sharks, rays, sea turtles, and other aquatic animals, can be found at Den Blå Planet and the habitats are made to highlight various marine ecosystems, from the warm tropical seas to the cold North Atlantic waters. One of the highlights of the aquarium is the Ocean Tank, which holds more than 4 million litres of water. It provides a 360-degree view of the marine life, including sharks and rays.

Its goals include education and marine conservation. Its purpose is to increase public awareness of the significance of protecting the oceans and the marine life they support, and it frequently offers educational events and programmes.

Den Blå Planet is a member of WAZA, EAZA and the Danish Association of Zoos and Aquaria (DAZA).

Berlin Zoo, officially known as the Zoologischer Garten Berlin, is Germany’s oldest surviving zoo, having opened its doors in 1844. It is situated in Berlin’s Tiergarten and spans 35 hectares, supporting around 20,000 animals and over 1,000 distinct species. t features numerous habitats, including the popular Elephant Gate, the Panda Garden, and the Hippopotamus House.

The zoo is one of the most successful keepers of critically endangered eastern black rhinos in Europe and has also worked with Berlin-based firm dan pearlman, on a unique 13,000-square-metre habitat for endangered Indian rhinos. This includes watercourses, bathing pools and tall grasses evoking the animals’ swampy natural habitat.

Speaking to blooloop in 2023, about what makes a good zoo, director Dr Andreas Knieriem said:

“Most people don’t come to visit us with the primary goal of becoming hugely knowledgeable about natural sciences or biology or zoology. That just isn’t the main objective of families – they want a good day out. So, it is of absolute importance that we ensure people become, while at Berlin Zoo, fascinated by animals and nature.

“That is a very simple sentence. But what it means is that we have to realise that a good exhibit is one where people believe it to be authentic, in that it is a very good substitute habitat for the wilderness itself. We have a focus on endangered species, keeping them both to raise awareness and to protect their genes – as a biobank, effectively.”

Berlin Zoo is a member of WAZA, EAZA and VdZ.

Chester Zoo, one of the largest and most-visited zoos in the UK, was opened in 1931 by George Mottershead, a conservationist who wanted to create a zoo without traditional iron bars, allowing animals to be housed in more naturalistic settings.

Numerous species of animals can be seen at Chester Zoo, which is renowned for its cutting-edge exhibitions and conservation initiatives. The zoo is spread out across a broad area, and its displays aim to replicate natural environments. The Islands at Chester Zoo, the Realm of the Red Ape, and the Elephant and Rhino House are a few noteworthy attractions.

Chester Zoo regularly participates in scientific projects and conservation campaigns. It takes part in several endangered species breeding programmes and supports international conservation initiatives. The purpose of the zoo is to teach guests about the value of wildlife conservation in addition to providing them with entertainment.

The zoo prioritises education and offers tools for families, schools, and institutions. It seeks to increase public understanding of conservation, biodiversity, and the value of preserving natural areas.

In 2022, Cat Barton, field conservation manager at Chester Zoo, spoke to blooloop about how tackling the issue of palm oil is helping the organisation to achieve its conservation goals.

Chester Zoo is a member of WAZA, EAZA and BIAZA.

Nausicaá, one of the largest aquariums in Europe, is located in Boulogne-sur-Mer, northern France, near the English Channel and the North Sea. It showcases the world’s oceans through immersive and educational experiences, covering habitats like tropical coral reefs, the open ocean, arctic settings, and the English Channel.

Visitors can enjoy touch pools, educational displays, and immersive displays. These activities engage guests and teach them about marine life and conservation. In addition, schools and educational institutions can participate in aquarium programmes.

Nausicaá works to conserve marine biodiversity and raise awareness. It also collaborates with scientific institutions and organisations to research marine life. The aquarium’s involvement in research contributes to the broader scientific community’s understanding of marine ecosystems.

In 2022, over 250 public aquarium professionals came to Nausicaá from around the world for the International Aquarium Congress (IAC). The aquarium is a member of EAZA, as well as l’Association Française des Parcs Zoologiques (AFdPZ).

Edinburgh Zoo was opened in 1913, making it one of the oldest zoos in Scotland. It is operated by the Royal Zoological Society of Scotland (RZSS). Situated on Corstorphine Hill, the zoo gives visitors panoramic views of the city.

Many different species of animals from all over the world are kept in Edinburgh Zoo, in habitats that are designed to provide the animals with realistic environments. The chimpanzee-focused Budongo Trail, the Koala Territory, and the penguin pool are a few of the noteworthy habitats.

The Edinburgh Zoo is dedicated to the preservation of wildlife and takes part in numerous endangered species breeding initiatives. It supports projects targeted at safeguarding vulnerable wildlife populations and works with conservation organisations on these fronts. The zoo also offers educational programmes with an emphasis on biodiversity, conservation, and animal welfare for both visitors and schools.

CEO of RZSS David Field spoke to blooloop in 2021. Talking about why zoos are important, he said:

“For me, the zoo is one of the most democratic and one of the most open and equalising of organisations. We can give a real opportunity to everyone to experience nature. It is my ambition for us to become the most accessible and inclusive visitor zoo in the country, in the world, so that everybody, without exception, has the opportunity to experience nature.”